mblogit mclogit 0.8.6.2

Baseline-Category Logit Models for Categorical and Multinomial Responses¶

Description¶

The function mblogit fits baseline-category logit models for categorical and multinomial count responses with fixed alternatives.

Usage¶

mblogit(
  formula,
  data = parent.frame(),
  random = NULL,
  subset,
  weights = NULL,
  na.action = getOption("na.action"),
  model = TRUE,
  x = FALSE,
  y = TRUE,
  contrasts = NULL,
  method = NULL,
  estimator = c("ML", "REML"),
  dispersion = FALSE,
  from.table = FALSE,
  groups = NULL,
  control = if (length(random)) mmclogit.control(...) else mclogit.control(...),
  ...
)

Arguments¶

formula: the model formula. The response must be a factor or a matrix of counts.
data: an optional data frame, list or environment (or object coercible by as.data.frame to a data frame) containing the variables in the model. If not found in data, the variables are taken from environment(formula), typically the environment from which glm is called.
random: an optional formula that specifies the random-effects structure or NULL.
subset: an optional vector specifying a subset of observations to be used in the fitting process.
weights: an optional vector of weights to be used in the fitting process. Should be NULL or a numeric vector.
na.action: a function which indicates what should happen when the data contain NA``s. The default is set by the ``na.action setting of options, and is na.fail if that is unset. The ‘factory-fresh’ default is na.omit. Another possible value is NULL, no action. Value na.exclude can be useful.
model: a logical value indicating whether model frame should be included as a component of the returned value.
x, y: logical values indicating whether the response vector and model matrix used in the fitting process should be returned as components of the returned value.
contrasts: an optional list. See the contrasts.arg of model.matrix.default.
method: NULL or a character string, either “PQL” or “MQL”, specifies the type of the quasilikelihood approximation to be used if a random-effects model is to be estimated.
estimator: a character string; either “ML” or “REML”, specifies which estimator is to be used/approximated.
dispersion: a logical value or a character string; whether and how a dispersion parameter should be estimated. For details see dispersion.
from.table: a logical value; do the data represent a contingency table, e.g. were created by applying as.data.frame() a the result of table() or xtabs(). This relevant only if the response is a factor. This argument should be set to TRUE if the data do come from a contingency table. Correctly setting from.table=TRUE in this case, will lead to efficiency gains in computing, but more importantly overdispersion will correctly be computed if present.
groups: an optional formula that specifies groups of observations relevant for the specification of overdispersed response counts.
control: a list of parameters for the fitting process. See mclogit.control
...: arguments to be passed to mclogit.control or mmclogit.control

Value¶

mblogit returns an object of class “mblogit”, which has almost the same structure as an object of class “glm”. The difference are the components coefficients, residuals, fitted.values, linear.predictors, and y, which are matrices with number of columns equal to the number of response categories minus one.

Details¶

The function mblogit internally rearranges the data into a ‘long’ format and uses mclogit.fit to compute estimates. Nevertheless, the ‘user data’ is unaffected.

Examples¶

library(MASS) # For 'housing' data
library(nnet)
library(memisc)
(house.mult<- multinom(Sat ~ Infl + Type + Cont, weights = Freq,
                      data = housing))

# weights:  24 (14 variable)
initial  value 1846.767257
iter  10 value 1747.045232
final  value 1735.041933
converged
Call:
multinom(formula = Sat ~ Infl + Type + Cont, data = housing,
    weights = Freq)

Coefficients:
(Intercept) InflMedium InflHigh TypeApartment TypeAtrium TypeTerrace ContHigh
Medium -0.4192316 0.4464003 0.6649367 -0.4356851 0.1313663 -0.6665728 0.3608513
High -0.1387453 0.7348626 1.6126294 -0.7356261 -0.4079808 -1.4123333 0.4818236

Residual Deviance: 3470.084
AIC: 3498.084

(house.mblogit <- mblogit(Sat ~ Infl + Type + Cont, weights = Freq,
                        data = housing))

Iteration 1 - Deviance = 3493.764
Iteration 2 - Deviance = 3470.111
Iteration 3 - Deviance = 3470.084
Iteration 4 - Deviance = 3470.084
converged

Call: mblogit(formula = Sat ~ Infl + Type + Cont, data = housing, weights =
  Freq)

Coefficients:
                   Predictors
Response categories (Intercept) InflMedium InflHigh TypeApartment TypeAtrium
  TypeTerrace
Medium/Low -0.4192 0.4464 0.6649 -0.4357 0.1314 -0.6666
High/Low -0.1387 0.7349 1.6126 -0.7356 -0.4080 -1.4123
                   Predictors
Response categories  ContHigh
         Medium/Low   0.3609
         High/Low     0.4818

Null Deviance:     3694
Residual Deviance: 3470

summary(house.mult)

Call:
multinom(formula = Sat ~ Infl + Type + Cont, data = housing,
    weights = Freq)

Coefficients:
(Intercept) InflMedium InflHigh TypeApartment TypeAtrium TypeTerrace ContHigh
Medium -0.4192316 0.4464003 0.6649367 -0.4356851 0.1313663 -0.6665728 0.3608513
High -0.1387453 0.7348626 1.6126294 -0.7356261 -0.4079808 -1.4123333 0.4818236

Std. Errors:
(Intercept) InflMedium InflHigh TypeApartment TypeAtrium TypeTerrace ContHigh
Medium 0.1729344 0.1415572 0.1863374 0.1725327 0.2231065 0.2062532 0.1323975
High 0.1592295 0.1369380 0.1671316 0.1552714 0.2114965 0.2001496 0.1241371

Residual Deviance: 3470.084
AIC: 3498.084

summary(house.mblogit)

Call:
mblogit(formula = Sat ~ Infl + Type + Cont, data = housing, weights = Freq)

Equation for Medium vs Low:
              Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)
(Intercept)    -0.4192     0.1729  -2.424 0.015342 *
InflMedium      0.4464     0.1416   3.153 0.001613 **
InflHigh        0.6649     0.1863   3.568 0.000359 ***
TypeApartment  -0.4357     0.1725  -2.525 0.011562 *
TypeAtrium      0.1314     0.2231   0.589 0.555980
TypeTerrace    -0.6666     0.2063  -3.232 0.001230 **
ContHigh        0.3609     0.1324   2.726 0.006420 **

Equation for High vs Low:
              Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)
(Intercept)    -0.1387     0.1592  -0.871 0.383570
InflMedium      0.7349     0.1369   5.366 8.03e-08 ***
InflHigh        1.6126     0.1671   9.649  < 2e-16 ***
TypeApartment  -0.7356     0.1553  -4.738 2.16e-06 ***
TypeAtrium     -0.4080     0.2115  -1.929 0.053730 .
TypeTerrace    -1.4123     0.2001  -7.056 1.71e-12 ***
ContHigh        0.4818     0.1241   3.881 0.000104 ***
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Null Deviance:     3694
Residual Deviance: 3470
Number of Fisher Scoring iterations:  4
Number of observations:  1681

mtable(house.mblogit)

Calls:
house.mblogit: mblogit(formula = Sat ~ Infl + Type + Cont, data = housing,
  weights = Freq)

=================================================
                          Medium/Low  High/Low
-------------------------------------------------
  (Intercept)               -0.419*   -0.139
                            (0.173)   (0.159)
  Infl: Medium/Low           0.446**   0.735***
                            (0.142)   (0.137)
  Infl: High/Low             0.665***  1.613***
                            (0.186)   (0.167)
  Type: Apartment/Tower     -0.436*   -0.736***
                            (0.173)   (0.155)
  Type: Atrium/Tower         0.131    -0.408
                            (0.223)   (0.211)
  Type: Terrace/Tower       -0.667**  -1.412***
                            (0.206)   (0.200)
  Cont: High/Low             0.361**   0.482***
                            (0.132)   (0.124)
-------------------------------------------------
  Log-likelihood         -1735.0
  N                       1681
=================================================
  Significance: *** = p < 0.001;
                ** = p < 0.01; * = p < 0.05